COMPUTER SCIENCE: Algonquin College:
2001: Introduction to C++, Intermediate C++.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT:
Courses in Accounting, Law, Economics, Personnel Management, Statistics, Marketing, computer applications.

HISTORY: Queen's University:
MA(lst), PhD Comprehensives(lst), Modern European History. Scholarships included Canada Council, Ontario Government, departmental and private awards.

HISTORY: University of Victoria, BC:
BA(Hons. 1st), History and Sociology.